Textbook of Botany : Microbiology,Algae,Fungi,Plant Pathology,Bryophyta,Pteridophyta and Gymnosperms

UNIT-I: MICROBIOLOGY:,UNIT-II: ALGAE:,UNIT-III: FUNGI, AND PLANT PATHOLOGY,UNIT-IV BRYOPHYTA:,UNIT-V PTERIDOPHYTA WITH PALAEOBOTANY: ,UNIT-VI GYMNOSPERMS:
Contents
MICROBIOLOGY
1. Diversity of Microbes: Introduction
2. Distribution of Microorganisms in Nature
3. Isolation and Cultivation of Microorganisms
4. Viruses, Viroids and Prions
5. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
6. Bacteria: Structure and Reproduction
7. Cyanobacteria, Actinomycetes, Mycoplasmas and Rickettsias
8. Applied Microbiology
9. Antibiotics
10. Infection and Immunity
ALGAE (PHYCOLOGY)
Introduction: Cryptogams
1. Algae: General Characters
2. Classification of Algae
3. Cyanophyceae: General Characters and Classification
4. Chroococcales: Gloeocapsa, Microcystis
5. Nostocales: Oscillatoria, Spirulina, Nostoc, Anabaena, Scytonema, Gloeotrichia, Rivularia
6. Chlorophyceae: General Characters and Classification
7. Volvocales: Chlamydomonas, Volvox
8. Chlorococcales Chlorella, Hydrodictyon, Scenedesmus
9. Ulotrichales: Ulva
10. Cladophorales: Cladophora
11. Chaetophorales: Fritschiella, Coleochaete
12. Oedogoniales: Oedogonium
13. Conjugales: Zygnema, Cosmarium
14. Siphonales: Codium, Vaucheria
Contents
15. Charales: Chara
16. Bacillariophyceae: General Characters and Classification
17. Pennales: Navicula
18. Phaeophyceae: General Characters and Classification
19. Ectocarpales: Ectocarpus
20. Fucales Fucus, Sargassum
21. Dictyotales: Dictyota
22. Laminariales: Laminaria
23. Rhodophyceae: General Characters and Classification
24. Nemalionales: Batrachospermum
25. Ceramiales: Polysiphonia
26. Origin and Evolution of Sex in Algae
27. Economic Importance of Algae
28. Culturing of Algae
29. Evolutionary Significance of Prochloron
30. Contributions of Some Phycologists
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FUNGI AND PLANT PATHOLOGY
1. Fungi: General Characters
2. Taxonomic Status and Classification of Fungi
3. Myxomycetes Physarales: Physarum
4. Chytridiomycetes Chytridiales: Synchytrium
5. Chytridiomycetes Blastocladiales: Allomyces
6. Oomycetes Saprolegniales: Achlya, Saprolegnia
7. Peronosporales: Phytophthora, Pythium, Albugo
8. Zygomycetes Mucorales: Mucor, Rhizopus
9. Ascomycotina Hemiascomycetes Endomycetales: Saccharomyces
10. Eurotiales: Aspergillus, Penicillium
11. Erysiphales: Erysiphe, Sphaerotheca, Uncinula
12. Sphaeriales: Neurospora, Claviceps, Xylaria, Chaetomium
13. Pezizales: Peziza, Morchella, Ascobolus
14. Pleosporales: Venturia
15. Basidiomycotina Teliomycetes Ustilaginales: Ustilago
Contents
16. Uredinales: Puccinia
17. Agaricales: Agaricus
18. Aphyllophorales: Polyporus
19. Gasteromycetes Lycoperdales: Lycoperdon
20. Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales: Alternaria, Cercospora, Helminthosporium, Fusarium
21. Melanoconiales: Colletotrichum
22. Heterothallism in Fungi
23. Parasexuality
24. Sex Hormones in Fungi
25. Edible Fungi: Mushrooms and their Cultivation
26. Economic Importance of Fungi
27. Lichens
28. Plant Diseases: Introduction
29. Important Plant Diseases
30. Diseases: Control
31. Prof. Karam Chand Mehta (1892-1950)
BRYOPHYTA
1. Bryophyta: General Characters and Classification
2. Hepaticopsida Marchantiales: Riccia, Marchantia, Plagiochasma
3. Jungermanniales: Pellia, Porella, Frullania
4. Anthocerotopsida Anthocerotales: Anthoceros, Notothylus
5. Bryopsida (Musci or Mosses) Sphagnobrya: Sphagnum
6. Bryidae (Eubrya): Funaria, Polytrichum, Pogonatum
7. Evolution of Sporophyte in Bryophytes
8. Vegetative Reproduction in Bryophytes
9. Professor Shiv Ram Kashyap (1882-1934)
10. Comparative Study of Bryophytes
PTERIDOPHYTA
1. Pteridophyta: General Characters
2. Pteridophyta: Classification
3. Palaeobotany and Geological Time Scale
4. Fossilization and Types of Fossils
5. Psilophytopsida Psilophytales: Rhynia, Horneophyton, Asteroxylon
6. Psilotopsida Psilotales: Psilotum
7. Lycopsida Lycopodiales: Lycopodium
8. Lepidodendrales: Lepidodendron
9. Isoetales: Isoetes
10. Selaginellales: Selaginella
11. Sphenopsida Calamitales: Calamites
12. Sphenophyllales: Sphenophyllum. Sphenophyllostachys
13. Equisetales: Equisetum
14. Eusporangiatae Marattiales: Angiopteris
15. Ophioglossales: Ophioglossum
16. Osmundales: Osmunda
17. Leptosporangiatae Filicales: Pteris, Dryopteris, Adiantum, Polypodium, Nephrolep
18. Marsileales: Marsilea
19. Salviniales: Azolla, Salvinia
20. Stelar System in Pteridophytes
21. Heterospory and Seed Habit
22. Apospory and Apogamy
23. Telome Theory
24. Prof. Birbal Sahni (1891-1949): Father of Indian Palaeobotany
GYMNOSPERMS
1. Gymnosperms: General Characters and Affinities
2. Gymnosperms: Classification and Distribution
3. Pteridospermopsida: Lyginopteris, Heterangium, Glossopteris
4. Cycadeoidopsida (Bennettiopsida) Cycadeoidales : Ptilophyllum, Williamsonia, Cycadeoidea
5. Cycadales: Cycas
6. Coniferales: Pinus
7. Taxales Taxus
8. Ephedrales: Ephedra
9. Gnetales: Gnetum
10. Economic Importance of Gymnosperms
MICROBIOLOGY
Chapters
1. Diversity of Microbes: Introduction
2. Distribution of Microorganisms in Nature
3. Isolation and Cultivation of Micro-organisms
4. Viruses, Viroids and Prions
5. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
6. Bacteria Structure and Reproduction
7. Cyanobacteria, Actinomycetes, Mycoplasmas and Rickettsias
8. Applied Microbiology
9. Antibiotics
10. Infection and Immunity
CROBIOLOGY)