Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

Contents
Section 1: Jurisprudence and Forensic Medicinesam
Chapter 1: Legal Procedure
aty of Ferensic Med
itsent
Matrate is
Sutpoma Somos
Conduct Money 12 Medical Evid
Types of Winess
Branding af vierme
Fonduct and Duties of a Doctor in the Wines
Doctory and Medi
Clulenjes iv Mediso-legal cries
Comunicarice Sai55
Confics
Chapter 4: Acts Related to Medical Practice.
The Trammplantation of Human Organ Act, 1994 00
The Consumer Protection Act, 2015 6 Medical indemnity Insurance
The Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923 Employees State insurance (ES)/ Act, 1948
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses (POC50) Act, 2012 66
Chapter 2: Medical Practitioner-Duties and Malpractices 20
The Transgender Fernans (Pessection of Rights) Act, 2019 57 The Assisted Reproductive ledinology (Regulation Act, 2021
National Medical Commissies 20
Powers and functions 21
State Medical Counol (SMC)
Duties of a Doctor 24 Professional Secrecy
Privileged Communication
Mediol Malpractice
Professional Misconduct Infamous Conduct 29
Erasure of Name J
Types of Physician-Patient Relationship 12
Professional Negligence 12
Safeguards Against Litigation 35
Delenses Against Negligence Doctrine of Res Ipsa Loquitur Je
Calculated Risk Doctrine 37
Doctrine of Common Kaowledge 17
Contributary Negligence 17
Corporate Negligence 18
Products Liability
Medical Maloccurrence
Consent 10
Therapeutic Misadventure/Hazard B
Vicarizus Liability Respondeat Superior 19
Chapter 3: Ethical and Social Aspects of Medical Practice
Euthanasia (Mercy Kiling) 47
Medical Ethio 45
Stem Cell Breath đã
Human Experimentation
Malingeny (Shamming) 31
45
The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act, 2011 The Preconception and Prematai Diagnostic Techniques Act. 1994 1
The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act. 2005 73
The Mental Healthcare Act. 2017 71
Chapter 5: Identification I
Corpus Delicti 79
Race and Religion 30
Disonders of Sexual Development 83
Sex from Skrietal Remains 86
Age Age from Ossification of Bones Pr
Bone Age Estimation 97
Age Determination in Adults Over 25 years
Medico-legal limportance of Age 100
Stature 100 Scan 102
Tattoo Marks 102
Chapter 6: Identification II
Anthropometry (Bertilion System) 100
Dactylography 106
Poroscopy 110
Lip Prints (Chelloscopy) 110
Har111
Medico-legal Questions It!
Superimposition 125
Forensic Odontology 115
Mocritaneous Methods of identification
120
Chapter 10. Asphyxial Deaths
Patron Examin
M
M Patton of Samples
Sampies for Labstory Investigatiem 137
Chinen and Negative Autap 138
139
Daminion of Dreerunned, Mutilated and Skeletonized Reiman 140
Medico-legal Questio Exhumation 143 140
Chapter 8: Thanatology
Death tas
Brain/Brainstem Death 747
Cruse, Mechanism and Manner of Death 149 Cause of Death 5
Modes of Death (Proximate Causes of Death 150
Anna 153
Sudden Death 153
Coronary Atheroscleress 154
Chapter 9: Signs of Death
limmediate Changes (Somatic Death) 158
Sunpended Animation (Apparent Death) 159 Early Changes (Molecular Death) 159
Postmortem Staining Liver Mort) 160
Algor Mortis Cooling of the Dead Body) 163
Rigor Mortis 165
Cadaveric Spasm instantaneosis Rigo) 167
Heat Stiffening 167
Cold Stiffening 169
Putrefaction/Decomposition 167
Decomposition of Submerged Body 773
Roatation of a Dead Body on Water 174
Entomology 174
Adlipocere (Saponification) 175
Mummification 175
Estimation of Time Since Death (TSD)/Postmortem Interval (PMI) 176
Preservation of Dead Bodies 180
Presumption of Survivorship 180
Presumption of Death 187
146
158
Thing Manual Stran Strangulation) 798
Merfico-pal Quest (9
Suffocation 197
Drowning 201
Postinortem fazama 201 Medica-legal Questions 200
Autoerotic Asphyxta Semaal Arghya) 200
Chapter 11: Injuries
Classification of Wounds/juries 213
217 Bruise/Commusion
Abrasion 114
Laorated Wound 221
incised Wound (Cet/Slash/Slice) 223
Chop Wounds 226
Stab Woond/Punctured Wound 227
Defense Wounds 231
Fabricated/Fictitious/forged Wounds 232
Chapter 12: Firearm Injuries
Classification of Fireanm 236 Rifled Firearms 236
Smooth Bore Firearms/Shotguns 237
Caliber (Gauge Bore) 238
Bullet 238
Cartridge 240
Gunpowders (Propellant Charge) 247
Mechanism of Discharge of Projectile 242 Wound Ballistics and Mechanism of Injury 247
Finearm Wounds 243
Characteristics of Shotgun Wounds 245
Characteristics of Rifled Firearms Wounds 246 Firearm Wounds on Skull 249
Exit Wounds 249
Peculiar Effects of Firearms 252
Postmortem Examination 253 Preservation and Marking of Exhibits 254
Medico-ingal Questions 255 Detection of Gunshot Residues 258
Chapter 13: Regional Injuries
Cranincerebral Injuries 262
Biomechanics of Head Injury 263
Soft Tissue injury 263
Sc
Game and Lactan 22
Cap hijry 271
279 Diese bury to the Bom روز
2
Neck 285
Vertebral Colem
Chest 25 286
Abdomen 287 Kids 288
Bones and Jaints 289
Chapter 14: Thermal Injuries
Cold Injury 293 Heat Injury 295
Heat Stroke/Heat Hyperpyrexia 296
8298
Postmortem Examination 301
Medico-legal Questions 305
Scalds 307
Electrical Injuries (Electrocution) 308
Judicial Electrocution 311 Lightning Stroke 111
Chapter 15: Transportation Injuries
Pedestrian Injuries 314
Injuries Sustained by Vehicle Occupants 318 Role of Seat Belts and Air Bags 320
Motorcycle and Cycle Injuries 320 Postmortem Examination 321
Alcohol, Drugs and Trauma 322
Railway Injuries 122
Chapter 16: Explosion Injuries and Fall from Height
Explosion Injuries 128
Classification of Injunes 325
Fall from Height 327
Injury Patters 328
Chapter 17: Medico-legal Aspects of Injuries
Grievous Hurt 333 Punishments 337
Causes of Death from Wounds 338
Medico-legal Questions 342
Injury Report 345
Mode of Starvation 349
Chapter 18: Neglect and Starvation Deaths
293
Chapter 19: Radiation Sickness, Anesthetic and Operative Deaths
P113 354
Chapter 20: Infanticide and Child Abuse
314
324
332
Hale of Hase
Demonstration of Ce Vability of Feta
Postmortem Riding
Signs of Drad-brom Fetus 162
Signs of Stern Fet
Infant Death 370
Battered Baby Syndrome 173
Child Abuse 375
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome 376
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy 177
Chapter 21: Criminal Abortion
Cassification of Abartion 380
Criminal Abortion 381
Complications of Criminal Abortion 384
Duties of a Doctor in Suspected Case of Criminal Abortion 38 Examination of a Woman with Alleged History of Abortion
Trauma and Abortion 187
Chapter 22: Erectile Dysfunction and Sterility
Causes of Erectile Dysfunction and Sterility in Males 389 Causes of Impotence and Sterility in Females 392
Examination of a Person in an Alleged Case of Erectile
Dysfunction and Sterility 393
Nollity of Marriage and Divorce 194
Sterilization 395
Artificial Insemination (Al) 397
Surrogate Mother 399
Normal Female genitalia 401
Chapter 23: Virginity, Pregnancy and Delivery
Medico-Legal Aspects 403
Pregnancy 404
Presumptive Signs/Symptoms 404 Probable Signs of Pregnancy 405
Positive/Conclusive Signs of Pregnancy 407
Pseudocyesis (Spurious/False/Phantom Pregnancy) 40
Superfecundation 409
Contents
Chapter 24. Senial Offenses
Скатнати от Зечи 421
Sporem fhe Lahesatrey Exam
200
Condmove of Senual asi 431
Каре от Педот Веstoly Active Woman 112
Rape on Chien 433
Medicing Question 473
Ime of Sexual Abu
Exammation of Rape Accoumed 435
Chapter 25: Homosexuality
Sadamy 439
Examination of Passive Partner of Sodomy 440
Opinion 41
Examination of Active Partner of Sodomy 44/
Legal Aspects 442
Lesbianism/Irbadim 643
Bemality/Zbophila 444
Buccal Coitus 440
Chapter 26: Paraphilia
Sadian (Algolagnia) 446
Masochism (Passive Algolagnial 447
Transvestic Fetishism (Sonism)
hyeursm (captoptilia)
Exhibitionsm4
Jetsham
Frutteunism (loucherism)
Wedsphilu
Masturbation (Onanism)
Insertion of Foreign Objects/Fingers
Indecent Assanit
Chapter 27: Postmortem Artifacts
Artifacts due to Postesertem changes
Think Party Artifacts
Environmental Artifacts
Moorllaneous Artifacts
Chapter 28: Forensic Psychiatr
Delusion
Hallucination
Inpabe
Obsession-Compulsion
Luod interal
Салатена
Mod Denter Ansiety or fear/
Oberstive Compulsive at Relate Relateit Disonber
Stress (monders
Diunciative Disorders
Feeding of Eating Disorders
Bodily Distress of Bodily Experience Dhorders Suthitance ose or Addictive Behaviors Disorders
Impulse Control Disorders
Disruptive Behavior or Dissocial Disonders Personality Disonfers and Related Traits
Factitious Disorders
Nesrocognitive Disorders
Sleep-Wake Disorders
Mental Disorder and Responsibility
Chapter 29: Bloodstain Analysis
Blundstain Pattern Analysis 485 Presumptive Tests for Blood
Confirmatory Tests for Blood
Species identification
Genetic Markers in Blood
Medico-legal Application of Blood (Groups)
Medico-legal Questions
Chapter 30: Seminal Stains and Other Biological Samples
Purpose of Seminal identification 497 Examination of Seminal Stains
Confirmatory Tests
Individualization of Seminal Stains
Medico-legal Questions
Identification of Biological Samples and Body Fluids
Chapter 31: DNA Fingerprinting
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Speciinen Selection and Preservation
Uses of DNA Fingerprinting
Limitations of DNA Testing
Chapter 32: Torture and Custodial Deaths
lypes of forture
→Medical Practitioner and Torture 514
Custodial Deaths 515
Chapter 33: Medico-legal Aspects of HIV
V Testing Policy $18
Healthcare Workers and HIV infection 519
Partner Notification (Contact Tracing/Partner Counseling) 519
Clinical Trials and HIV
Blood Donation and HTV
Conte
Chapter 34: Newer Techniques and Recent Advances
Polypaph
Section 2 Toxicology
Chapter 35. General Toxicology
Cath of Panem
Timetio and Tasicodynamis Pin
heng
Thutter of bolter in a Case of Soseerted Paining
Medical Record
Meminde Acodem
Management of Painoning Cases
lemoval of Unabsorbed Pin
Administration of Antidotes
Eliminaboer of Pisen by Exorion
Dagens of Phisaning in Dead
Samptes Preserved for Toxicological Analysis
Fallure to Detect Poson 545 Chromatography
Chapter 36: Corrosive Poisons
Mineral/loonganic Acids
Vitrinlage (Vitriol Throwing) Chemical Colitis
Oxalic Acid (Acid of Sugat)
Carbolic Acid (Phenol)
Strong Alkalis Caustic Alkalis)
Chapter 37: Inorganic Metallic Irritants-Arsenic
Signs and Symptoms (Acute Poisoning)
Treatment
Postmortem Findings
Chronic Arsenic Poisoning 360 Postmortem Findings
Postmortem imbibition of Arsenic
Chapter 38: Inorganic Metallic Irritants-Mercury
Signs and Symptoms (Acute Porsening)
Treatment
Postmortem Findings
Chronir Mercury Poisaning (Hydrargyrism)
Specific Features/Diseases
Chapter 39: Inorganic Metallic Irritants-Lead
Chronic Lead Poisoning (Plumbism/Saturnism)
Signs and Symptoms
Treatment
Postmortem Findings
Chapter 40: Inorganic Metallic Irritants-Copper
Signs and Symptoms
Treatment
Chapter 41: Inorganic Metallic Irritants Thallium
Foitinerem finim
Chapter 42: Other Inorganic Metallic Irritants
Camem
Chapter 43: Non-metallic Irritants
Signs Symptom
Postmortem Finding) Chronts Phanpherus Poisoning
lodine Poijening
Chapter 44: Organic Irritants Plant
Ricinus Communes (Castor)
Croton Tiglium (Jamalgotal
Abrus Precatorias (Rati/Rosary Pra/Gunch/lequity) Sun
Semecarpus Anacardium
Capsicum Annuum 3%
Calotropis (Rubber Buth)
Chapter 45: Organic irritants Animal
Snakes Signs and Symptoms of Ophitoxenia
Management
Postmortem Findings
Scorpions Bees and Wasps
Spiders
Chapter 46: Somniferous Poisons (Narcotic Poisons)
Opium
Signs and Symptoms
Treatment
Postmortem Findings
Chronic Marphine Poisoning (Morphinism)
Chapter 47: Inebriants-Alcohol
Signs and Symptoms (Acute Poioning)
Treatment
Drunkenness
Laboratory Diagnosis
Collection of Samples in the Living
Alcoholism
Delirium Tremens
Wernicke's Encephalopathy
Methyl Alcohol (Methanol) Korsakoff's Psychosis
Ethylene Glycol
Chapter 4 Sedative hypnotic Barbiturates
PyPyrethr
Chapter 57: Alphos (Aluminum Phosphide)
Sighi and Symptomi
Pistmortem findings
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen mosheni
Chapter 49: Deliriants Dhatura/Datura
Chapter 50: Deliriants-Cannabis
Sign and Semphim
Hanamak
Chapter 51: Deliriants Cocaine
Signs and Symptoms Treatment ATT
Chapter 52: Spinal Poisons
Strychnos Mux-vomica
Signs and Symptum
Treatment
Aconite
Chapter 53: Cardiac Poisons
Micotiana Tabacum (labacco)
Digitals Purpurea (Foxglove)
Dieander Kaner)
Nestum Odorum
Cascabela Thevetia
Cerbera Odallam
Chapter 54: Hydrocyanic Acid
Signs and Symptanss
Treatment
Postmortem Findings utkial Execution
Chapter 55: Asphyxiants
Carbon Monoxide (0)
Treatment
Postmortem Findings Tear Gases
Methyl Isocyanate (MIC)
Chapter 56: Agricultural Poisons
Organophosphorus Compounds (OPC)
Signs and Symptoms
freatment
Postmortem Findings
Endrim
Chapter 58: Medicinal Poisons
Phenytoin
Phenytoin Lichiam
Antipsychotic Drugs (Tranquilizers
Tricyclic Antidepressants
Benzodiazepines
Acerysalicylic Acid (Aspirin)
Antibiotics
Muscle Relaxants
Local Anesthetics
Propofol
Insulin
Chapter 59: Drug Dependence and Date Rape Drugs
Patterns of Drug use Disarders
Psychoactive Substances
Hallucinogens Date Rape Drugs
Complications of Drug Abuse
Postmortem Findings
Medical Jurisprudence
Chapter 60: Supplement
Medical Acts
Decompression Sickness
Altitude Illness
Toxicology
Boric Acid (Hydrogen Borate/Orthoboric Acid)
Hydrofluoric Acid
Methemoglobinemia Inducing Agents
Ergot
Cantharides (Spanish
Fly)Isopropyl Alcohol
Penpheral Nerve Poisons
Candiac Poisons Carbon Dioxide
Hydrogen Sulfide
Biological Weapons
Naphthalene
Kerosene Oil Poisoning
Food Poisoning
Poisonous Foods