TY - BOOK AU - Ignatius,P.C. TI - Textbook of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology SN - 9788131267370 U1 - 615.9 5th CY - New Delhi PB - Elsevier KW - Modern Science N1 - TABLE OF CONTENTS Section One 1. Introduction Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Forensic Medicine, Forensic pathology-3 Jurisprudence and Forensic Medicine Clinical Forensic medicine-3 Toxicology 4 2. Death and Changes after Death Somatic Death, Molecular Death, Brain Death-11 Certification of death, Modes of death- Postmortem cooling- Primary flaccidity, Rigor mortis Thanarology, Medical jurtaprudence Medical ethics, Medical etiquete- History of Forensic medicine & Tosisology-4- Brain stern death, Harvard's Criteria Changes after death, suspended animation- 16- Changes in the eye, Autolysis, Decomposition or Putrefaction Colliquative putrefaction- Decomposition of internal organs-33 Adipocere, Mummification- Presumption of death and Survivorship- 3. Medicolegal Autopsy & Exhumation Procedure, External, Internal examination- Demonstration of air embolism Head, Brain Spinal cord Exhumation-62, Virtopsy - 65 4. Identity Complete identity, partial identity-71 Bhawal Sanyasi case-71 Corpus delicti-72, Race-73, Sex-74 Pestmortem hypostasis-17- Cadaveric spam 24- Marbling of skin-29- Fotensic entomology-30 Casper's dictum- Embalming - Chest, Abdomen-48 Examination of organs, Heart-49- Urinary system- Fetal autopry- Examination of skeletal remains, aging of bones True hermaphroditism-76, Pseudohermaphroditism-26 Hijras and Zenanas -77 Sex chromatin-78 Degree of accuracy in sex determination-79 65 Medicolegal significance - civil, criminal Acid bath murder case- Klinefelter's syndrome-75, Turner's syndrome. Differences between male and female mandible-81 Sex difference between male and female sacrum-83 Sex difference between male and female sternum-85 Difference between temporary and permanent teeth-88 Gustafson's method of age from tooth-89-91 Dental profiling-93 Ossification of skull sutures - 95. Ossification centres Wrist - 97 Pelvis, Femur-97, Age changes in mandible - 101 Ossification centres in foetus - 102 Closure of fontanelle in infants - 103 Haase's rule 103 Medicolegal significance of age - 104, 105 Anthropometry, Fingerprints-107-109 Foot prints - 110 Sex reassignment surgery Concealed sex- Male and female skull difference Sex difference, male and female pelvis Sex difference male and female femur Teeth, temporary, permanent, eruption - 86 Forensic odontology-91 Haman bite marks International dental formula (modified FDI)-94 Shoulder, Elbow Age changes in pubic symphysis Age of foetus-102 Development of secondary sex characteristics Stature, Karl Pearson's formula-10 Poroscopy Lip prints - 1 1 dence guette-3 gy-4-7 7-18 4-25 29-30 0-33 -34 37 45 49 50 6 2 Tattok marks 111, Nydnes shark we Superimpoutin 113, 1 PCR method 11 Applion of Scan, Оссиней в Spore 120 DNA11 Mechantent Injaries Classification of impones, shroom-129 Age of stravion 131. Ectopic contusion, black eye Arutal rose -137-138 132-134 Cut throat 141-142, Penetrating weninds: 144 Perforatung wound-145, Wounds by differpot weapons 147 148 Salcidal, homicidal wounds 140 150 DNA RFLP 1 Premeure alw Cofer chonge in con Laperations Incited wends Chop wounds Winind by an Hesbu bir Defence wounds, Self flucted wounds 150 6. Gonshot wounds. & Explosion injuries- Ballistics-156 Types of firearmis, Cartridges 156 158 Pellets, Bullets, Gun powders 160 162 Rifle wounds, entrance and exit 167-168 Accidemal, homicidal and suicidal-176 Shotgun wounds, entrance and esit in Entrance and axit wounds on all th Clouge 15% Ricochet Bulle Extraordinary findings im butler injurie Explosion wounds 1 Laboratory investigation-176, 177, Comparison microscope - 177 7. Regional Injuries Head injuries-183, Skull fractures-184-186 Cerebral concussion 190, Punch drunkenness - 192 Cerebral edema - 192 Extradural hemorrhage - 193 Subarachnoid hemorrhage - 197 Brain herniations-194, Injuries to vertebral column-200-201 Injuries to bone, teeth 203 Injuries to urinary bladder, genitalia 206 8. Transportation Injuries Road traffic accidents, pedestrian injuries-213 Secondary injuries-215, Waddell's triad-216 Pedal cyclists, motor cyclists-217, Railway injuries 220-221 Mechanism of bram mjury 187 Diffuse aannal injar Intracranial hemorrhag Subdural hemorrhae Intracerebral hemorrhage Whiplast injur Injuries to ribs, sternum, liver, iver, spleen, kidneys 201 Injuries due to fal Primary impact, secondary impact injuries-21 9. Thermal Injuries Hypothermia, Trench foot, Frost bite-226-227 Heat exhaustion, Heat stroke-228-229, Burns-230 Classifications, causes of death-231, 232 Heat hematoma-234-235, Medicolegal importance -235 Scalds, Chemical burns-237-239 10. Electrical Injuries, Lightning & Radiation Joule burn, Spark burn, Flash burm-242-243 Filigree burns-246, Lightning, Filigree burns-245-246 11. Medicolegal Aspects of Injuries Injury - 251 Murder, Dowry death, Grievous hurt-251-253 Domestic violence - 260 Injuries to occupants of a vehicle 216 Aircraft injuries Heat cramps 22 Wallace rule of nine Postmortem findings-23 Charred body Preternatural combustions Postmortem findings, Judicial electrocutiom Radiation injuries, ARS-24 Trauma, Assault, Battery, Homicide, Culpable homicide Torture, Custodial deaths 25- Causes of death from injuries Printary shock, Secondary shock-28 Antenmortem and and Postmortem wounds. Eainen, Throne Fat Air 263-261 Hammenohistochemistry-267. Valintary anvernesas after injury-268 Therapeutic wound 12. Asphyxiad Deaths Antia, Mechanical asphysia 273 Auhtpey findings in hanging-276-280 Hanging, Types of larging-273 Bloodless flap dissection of neck-28 Paimar strengshuien 298. Carroting. Mugging 200-300 Jodicis lunging 288, tigamure strangulation 290-293, Throating-295 Fracture of beyond bone & thyroid cartilage in Hanging 283-284 Partial hanging, Sexual asphyxia 28 Bamdola Suffocarion Daunatic asphysis, Burking-303-305 Types, Mechaniam, PM findings 307-312 Sovethering-300, Gagging. Choking 301-302 Café coconar Drowein Diatom seat-313, Scoba diving, Homicidal-314 Differences between Antemartem drowning and Postmortem submersion-316 13. Starvation Acute atarvation, Chronic starvation 322-324 14. Sudden Death Candrovascular causes-326 Infarction at distance-327, Diseases of aona-329 GIT, GUT cause-331 15. Anesthetic Deaths General anesthesia, Local anesthesia 335-336- Spinal anesthesia-336 16. Pestmortem Artefacts Medicolegal aspects Location of inyocardial infarction CNS, Respiratory causes-330 Obscure autopsy. Negative autopsy, -331 Agonal, Resuscitation anefacts 337, Artefacts of hypostasis 337 Postmortem corrosion-338, Artefacts due to decomposition - 339 Exhumation artefacts 339, Toxicological artefacts-339 17. Impotence and Sterility Sexual cycle, physiology of erection-342, 343 Sterility, artificial insemination-347-341 Surrogate mother-347 18. Sexual Offences Rape-sections, Examination of victim -355-356 Examination of accused-363 Unnatural sexual offences, Sodomy-367-368 Sexual perversions 371 19. Examination of stains and Scene of crime Blood stains, Chemical examination, microscopy-377, 378. Blood groups - 380 Seminal stains-382 Locard's Principle of Exchange-384 Anesthetic agents Artefacts due to rigor mortis Embalming artefacts Artefacts due to autopsy Causes of impotence in males, females-344- In vitro fertilization, ART- Rape of virgin, Rape trauma syndrome Sexual assanit on children, POCSO-366- Buccal coitus, Lesbianism, Bestiality-370- Indecent assault, Sexting, Incest-373 Tests for blood groups, Abnormal Hb 380 Tests for semen, Vaginal fluid, Urine, Feces-382, 384, 384, Precipitin test- 20. Virginity, Pregnancy, Delivery, Legitimacy Virgin, Types of hymen, False virgin-389-390 Pseudocyesis 394 Prenatal diagnosis, PNDT-395, Delivery-395 Disputed paternity 397 Scene of Crime-384- Pregnancy, Signs and Symptoms, Tests-391 Superfecundation, Superfoetation-394, Signs of delivery in living, dead-396. X Marriage- 21 Medical Termination of pregnancy and Mor Um Criminal miscarriage, Sections, MTP Act 401-412 Criminal abortam, complications 404, 404 23. Infanticide Historical aspects, will birth, Dead born 400, 410, 410 Live birth 413 Hydrostatne lest 414 Caput succadaneum, Cephalhematoma 417 Precipitate laboun, Concealment, Abandooing #18,419 Shaken baby syndrome-421 23. Forensic Psychiatry Delusion, Hallucination, Delirten 426, 427 Classification of psychiatric llness-428 Lancid interval - 431 Feigned insanity, Admission of insane 433,434 Criminal responsibility-438 Diminished responsibility-439 24. Legal Procedures Indian penal code, Indian evidence Act- 447 Non-cognizable offence, Warrant 447 Non-bailable offence- 447 Courts of law 449 Special Magistrates-450 Criminal courts in India-45) Dying declaration, Dying deposition-452,452 Witness, Record of evidence 453 Chief examination, Cross examination 454-454 25. Medical law and ethics Amniotic fluid emboliam Spontaneous abortion Viability Signs of live hinh Histopathology of hing, stomach-bowl Jest-415- Natural, unnatural and criminal caninex- Battered baby syndrome Munchausen syndroron, Sudden infant death- Impulse, Obsession-427,428 Phobia, psychopath Schizophrenia, Bipolar disoider-429, Neurosis, psychosis, mental subnormality-431,432, Mental Health Act-434, Civil responsibility- Mc Naughten's rule, Durham rule, Curren's rule-438, Somnambulism, Hypnotism, Epilepsy Criminal offence, Cognizable offence- Summons case, Bailable offence Civil case, Inquest, Summons, Conduct money 447, 448 Powers of Magistrates Juvenile Justice Board- Documentary evidence- Oral evidence- Perjury Re-examination, Doctor in the witness box-455, Indian medical council, State medical council-461, 464 Professional misconduct-465 Medical records-467 Res ipsa loquitur - 469 Civil & Criminal negligence-470 Defences against Medical negligence-471 Privileged communications-474 Workmen's compensation-477 Human rights, Transplantation Act 480 HIV ethical issues-484 Euthanasia-487 Penal erasure Duties of a medical practitioner- Medical negligence- Novus actus interveniens-469, Contributory negligence- Professional secrecy- Consent, rules of consent, therapeutic privilege-474,476 26. Newer Techniques and Recent advances Consumer protection Bioethics , Stem cell research-482 Doctor and media, stress management-485, Polygraph-492, Brain Fingerprinting-492, Narcoanalysis-493 Matrix assisted Laser Desorption imaging-494 Virtopsy-493 Nicotine from fingerprints 1. General kirations of toxiculagy Hary porneming, groeral-201 Adnimation of entuotes-502 Physiological antidotec, Specific antidotes-501 Pencsitamos, Desterrissamine 501, 501 Dialysis Hooperfu-504, 304 Dual viscern taken fie chemical analysis-505 2. Carmive pakeis Mineral acids, Sulphurs acil 311.311 Nitric neid-514 Table showing HSO, INO, and HCI-515-516 Cebols acid-518 Acetic acid-521 Poisoning hy 3. Metallic polsons Arsenic 525 Chronic anenic poisoning-527 Lead poiscming-529 Lead paby, lead encephalopathy-531, 531 Chronic mercury poisoning-534 Minamata Bay disease-535 Wison's disease-536 Metal lime fever-536 4. Non-metallic prisons Phosphorus poisoning-539 5. Alcohols Alcoholic beverage, proof spint-545, 544 Signs & symptoms of alcohol intoxication-547 Drunkenness, Breath analyzer-549, 549 Alcohol and crimes-551 Chronic alcoholism-51 Korsakoff's psychosis-552 Disulfiram-553 Ethylene glycol-555 6. Agricultural poisons Organophosphorus poisons-559 Action of organophosphates-560 Other neurological manifestations of OPC-361 poisoning-564 Diagnosis, Treatment of OPC Carbamates-563 Section Two Toxicology Classification of poisom Cvitorla fow ideal homicidal poison- Procedure of stomach wash. Activated charcoal, chemical antidotes. Chelating agents, BAL, EDTA-503, 503. Forced alkalme diuresis Duties of medical practitioner in poisoning Negative result on chemical analysis Vitriolage Hydrochloric acid Poisoning by orgamc acids, oxalic acid-517 Formic ucid Boric acid Petroleum products, Kerosene - 322 Differences between arsenic poisoning & cholera Tests to detect arsenic Chronic lead poisoning Mercury poisoning- Mercuria lentis, Acródyma 5,34, Copper poisoning Zinc poisoning Methemoglobinemia- Chronic phosphorus poisoning, phossy jaw-540 Metabolism of ethyl alcohol Measurement of alcohol concentration - Drunkenness and driving- Alcohol withdrawal - Wernicke's encephalopathy Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome- Methyl alcohol- Isopropanol Aryl & Alkyl phosphates - Signs & Symptoms of OPC Intermediate syndrome Oximes Organochlorines Eindrin-564 Pyrmbrins and pyrethroids-500 Aluminium phosphide-567 7. Toxic Plants Abrus precatorius-570 Toxallmumin-373 Jatropha cureas 374 Semecarpus anacantium: 376 8.Cardiné poisons Corbera thevetin-579 Cerbera odollam- 581 Aconite-584 Chronic cyanide poisoning-586 9. Deliriants Datura fashiosa-59) Action of datira-592 Hallucinogens-504 Different preparations of cannabis - 594 Hashish insanity, Run amok 597, 597 Hallucinogenic mushrooms-594 10. Cerebral stimulants Cocaine, Action, Absorption fate 598 Paraquat Zine phosphide- Ricinus commu Crotoniglium- Calotropis gigantes, procera-575, Glorious superba Digoxin Immune Fab Nerium odorum Hydrocyanic acid and salts Cleistanthus collimus Alkaloids Signs and symptoms of Datura Cannabis Sativa or Indica Chronic poisoning with cannabis Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) Excretion, signs and symptoms of cocaine-598 Chronic use, Magnan's symptom, Medicolegal point 11. Somniferous drugs Opium- Acute opium poisoning Heroin, Meperidine (Pethidine) 12. Sedatives and Hypnotics. Barbiturates Action of barbiturates- Treatment for barbiturate poisoning- Postmortem appearances - 13. Drug dependence Definition, methods and types of abuse - Inhalants Body packers, pushers and stuffers 14. Medicinal poisons Acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin)-618 Paracetamol (acetaminophen) 15. Spinal poisons Strychnos Nux-Vomica Derivatives of opium Chronic opium poisoning Absorption, fate, excretio Signs and symptoms of barbiturate Forced alkaline diurest Drug automatism, chronic poisoning-6 Substances of abuse Postmortem findings in drug abus Golden triangle, cresent, quadrang Reye's syndrom Chloral hydrat Absorption, fate & excretion, Signs and symptoms Treatment of strychnine poisonin Differences between strychnine & tetanus-Conium Maculatum (Hemlock) Asphyxiants or Luang irritants Sternutators or nasal irritants Methyl isocyanate Hydrogen sulphide 16. Irrespirable gases Carbon monoxide- Carbon dioxide- Signs and symptoms, Diagnosis and treatment of CO Poisoning- War gases Lacrimators or tear gases- Paralysants- Nerve gases 17. Animal irritants Ophitoxaemia (Snake bites) Differences between poisonous and non-poisonous snakes Cobra, Common cobra, King cobra Russel's viper, Saw-scaled viper Malabar pit viper Krait, Common krait, banded krait- Sea snakes, beaked sea snake Bar-bellied sea snake Viper venom, krait venom Bites by Sea snakes First aid, Treatment for snake bites Green vine snake, Checkered keelback Dendrelaphis tristis Golden tree snake- Scorpions- Bees & Wasps- Centipedes 18. Food poisoning Botulism Amanita muscari Argemone Mexicana, Epidemic dropsy Poisonous fish & Marine creatures Scombroid poisoning, Shellfish poisoning Box jelly fish, Dart frogs- Poisonous snakes in India Viper Pit viper, bamboo pit viper- Hump nosed pit viper Slender coral snakes- snake, yellow sea snake Annulated sea Fangs and venom, cobra venom Cobra bite, Krait bite, viper bite 639,640, General signs & symptoms of snake bite- Non-poisonous snakes, Python, Rat snake Common trinket snake Striped keelback, Common wolf snake-e Sand boa, Blind snake Cantharides. Spiders-6 Poisonous mushrooms, Amanita phalloides- Other micro-organisms causing food poisoning-6- Lathyrus sativus, Ergot alkaloids- Ciguatera poisoning-6 Venomous fish- ER -