Elements of Shaarira Rachana

CONTENTS
1. Principles and terminology of shaarira ➤ Specific terms
Ten chapters of Sushruta shaarira
sanghata, seemanta, rajju, sevani)
2. Shariraopkram
➤ About shaarira
➤ Knowledge and importance of Shaarira
Shadangatva of Shaarira
➤ Anga pratyanga vibhaga
➤ Preservation and dissection method of dead body
3. Abhinivritti shaarira
➤ Srishti utpatti karma
➤ Avyakta or mool prakrati
➤ Kshetra, kshetragya
➤ Purusha (eka-dhatuj, dvi-dhatuj, tri-dhatuj, shad-dhatuj, sapta-dhatuj, trayodasha-dhatuj, chturvinshati-dhatuj, panchvinshati-dhatuj purusha)
➤ Sukshma shaarira
➤ Karma purusha
➤ Atma
➤ Trigunatmakatva of shaarira
➤ Tridoshatmakatva of shaarira
➤ Relation between roga and tridosha
➤ Doshadhatumalmoolakatva of shaarira
4. Garbha shaarira (embryology)
➤ Definition of garbha
➤ Garbhotpadaka bhava
➤ Shad bhava samudaya
➤ Sukshma garbha shaarira
➤ Micro anatomical description of 'dhatu and avayava
➤ Shukra
► Aartava
➤ Antahpushpa
➤ Garbhadhan (fertilization)
➤ Sadyogrihita garbha lakshana- signs of conception
SN Chapter
Kosha vibhajan swell divisant Role of panchinshahmot
Descent of mana, chutains that at pa Growili propees in reference to mahatihoita and
Masanumasik mebha vidhi keama
Monih-wise development of tetas Garbha Viddhikar bhava.cembryoвте grоwэй Гастона) Deka prodam
Courbha poliana natrition of the embryo) Apara nirmans Cormation of placenta)
Anga pratyanga nirmana (developnient of vationskysteni
> General development of stotas...
Development of maha srotas or annavaha srotas (jot system) Development of pranavaha srotas and rasavaha srotas
(Respiratory system and cardiovascular system • Development of imanovaha srotas or bantrika tantra (nervous system)
(Reproductive system)
• Development of shukravaha and artavavaha srotis
• Development of mutravaha and purishvaha srotas (excretory system).
• Development of raktavaha srotas and mansavaha srotas
• Development of asthivaha srotas, majjavaha and medovaha srotas
Development of udakavaha srotas
Development of swedavaha srotas
Genetics in Ayurveda
➤ Concept of beeja, beejabhaga and beejabhagavayava (chromosomes and genes
Deha paramanu
Theory of atulya gotra and tulya gotra (samagotra) ➤ Sex determination (linga bheda)
Punsavan sanskar
Fetal anomalies
➤ Nastikya (atheism)
➤ Dwireta
- Pawanendriya
➤ Vakri and irshyak
Vatika shanda
Yamala garbha
Garbhaja vikriti (foetal anomalies)
➤ Etiological factors of garbhaja vikriti (congenital defects)
Sanskar vahi -narshanda and nari shanda
(x)
S.N. Chapter
Eka dimbi yamala (monozygotic twins or identical twins)
Dwi dimbi yamala (dizygotic twins)
Other anomalies: vikalanga, heenanga, viklanga including rakshas garbha (monsters).
Observations of Sushruta regarding development of perverted sex
• Aasekya
• Saugandhika
• Kumbhika
• Irshyaka
• Narshanda
• Narishanda
• Anasthi garbha (boneless embryo)
Ashta nindaniya purusha Atideergha - Gigantism
Atihrasva Dwarafism
• Atiloma - Hypertrichosis
Aloma Atrichia
Atikrishna - Melanism
Atigaura Albinism
• Atikrisha Asthenism
• Atisthoola Obesity
➤ Jatismar
6. Asthi shaarira
➤Introduction of Asthi
➤ Structure of Asthi
Functions of Asthi
► Types of asthi
Reasons for difference in number of bones
- Asthi majja
➤ Meda
Composition of bones
➤ Microscopic structure of bones
Blood supply of asthi
➤ Ossification
Structure of cartilage
Karoti (Skull)
• Purvakapalasthi (Frontal bone)
• Parshwakapalasthi (Parietal bone) • Paschakapalasthi (Occipital bone)
• Shankasthi (Temporal bone) • Jatukasthi (Sphenoid bone)
S.N. Chapter
Zarzarasthi (Ethmoid bone)
Urdhvahanavasthi (maxilla)
Talvasthi (Palatine bone)
Asbruasthi (Lacrimal bone)
Nasasthi (nasal bone)
Sirikasthi(Vomer)
Adhonasa shuktikasthi (Inferior nasal conchae) Adhohanavasthi (Mandible)
Antaradhi asthi (Thoracic Cage)
Uroasthi (sternum)
• Parshukasthi (Ribs)
• First Parshukasthi
• Second Parshukasthi
Tenth Parshukasthi
► Urdhwashakagata asthi (Bones of upper limb)
• Akshakasthi (clavicle)
Ansaphalak (Scapula)
• Pragandasthi (Humerus)
Bahirprakoshtasthi (radius)
Antahprakoshtasthi (ulna)
➤ Hasthasthi
• Manibandasthi (carpal bones)
• Karabhasthi (Metacarpal bones)
• Angulyaasthi (Phalenges)
➤ Shroni (Pelvis)
• Pelvimetry
• Shroniphalakasthi (Hip bones)
• Jaghanasthi
Iliac Bones
• Bhagasthi (Pubic bone)
• Kukundarasthi (Ischium)
➤ Urvasthi (Femur bone)
• Janukapalasthi (patella)
• Antar janghasthi
• Bahirjanghasthi
➤ Padasthi (bones of foot)
Prapadasthi
• Nikatastha(Proximal row)
• Doorastha (Distal row)
• Gulphasthi (Talus)
• Parshani (Calcaneum)
• Naukabhasthi (Navivular)
(xii)
S.N. Chapter
Pushpakalikasthi (Cuneiform)
Ghanasthi (Cabald)
Prapadikasihi (Metatarsal bone) Padangulyasthi (Phalengeal bones)
Kapalasthi as awhole Undhwadrishya (Norma Verticalis)
Agradrishya (Norma Frontalis)
Paschadrishya (Norma Occipitalis)
Parshwadrishya (Norma lateralis)
Antah drishya (Norma basalis)
Parscha bhaga (Posterior part of norma basalis)
Kasheruka danda (Vertebral column)
Kasheruka (vertebra)
• Graiveyaka Kasheruka (Cervical vertebra)
• Vakshiya kasheruka (thoracic vertebra)
• Katikasheruka (lumbar vertebra)
•Trikasthi (sacrum)
• Anutrikasthi (coccyx)
7. Peshi shaarira
Introduction
Structure of mansapeshi (muscles)
Shape, size & types of peshi (muscles)
Importance of mansa peshi (muscles)
Attachments and number of mansapeshi (muscles)
• Shakhagata mansapeshi (muscles of extremities) • Madhya shariragata mansapeshi (muscles of trunk)
• Urdhva jatrugata mansapeshi (muscles of head and neck)
• Strishariragata mansapeshi (muscles in females)
Origin, insertion, actions and nerve supply of mansapeshi (muscles)
General description
• Specific description (according to shadanga shaarira)
Urdhava shakhagata mansapeshi (muscles of upper extremities Urdhva bahugata mansapeshi (muscles of upper arm)
• Agra bahugata mansapeshi (muscles of forearm)
• Hastagata mansapeshi (muscles of hand)
Adho shakhagata mansapeshi (muscles of lower extremity) Vankshanasandhi and Shroniphalaka gata mansapeshi (m
of hip joint)
• Uru pradeshagata mansapeshi (muscles of thigh)
⚫ Jangha pradeshagata mansapeshi (muscles of leg)
Padagata mansapeshi (muscles of foot)
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Koshiba or antradhigaia mansapesi (musales of tomk) Prishthagara mansapeshi tomuscles of back)
Vaksha pradeshagaia mansapeshi (mascles of thoro
Udara pradeshagata mansapeshi (rmuscles of andrimen) Shroni & guda pradeshagata mansupeshi (muscles of pelvic Поогу
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Mooladharagata mansapeshi (muscles of perineum) Urdhava jatru pradesha gata mansapeshi (muscles of head and neck)
• Shirogata mansapeshi (muscles of head)
• Greevagata mansapeshi (muscles of neck)
Clinical application related to mansapeshi
Mansasara purusha
Mansavaha srotas
Mansa dhatu roga
Ardita
Manya stambha
Kalaya khanja
Panguta & khanjata
Mansa kshaya & mansa vriddhi
Mansagata vata
Pakshaghata Akshepaka
Aptanaka and dhanustambha
• Vishwachi
• Gridhrasi
Mansa marmar
S. Sandhi shaarira
Definition of Sandhi
Classification of Sandhi
Numbers of Sandhi
Applied anatomy of Sandhi
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➤ Sandhi chuti or Sandhi vishleshan or Sandhi mukta (dislocation of sandhi).
Symptoms of Sandhi chuti or Sandhi vishleshan or Sandhi mukta (dislocation of sandhi)
Joints
Classification of joints
Sandhistha Pristha (Articular surfaces)
Tantrika Sambharan (Nerve supply)
Surface markings
Sira dhamani shaarira
Sira: introduction
(xx)
S.N. Chapter
Learning anatomy
What is ultrasound
Ultrasound physics
> Advantages
Disadvantages
Diagnostic ultrasound
Types of uftrasound
How it is performed
The ultrasound machine
The history o ultrasound
Conclusion
22. Utaka vigyana
Introduction
Dhatu and Srotus
Kala and Dhatu
Basic utaka (tissue) type
Bahisravi granthi (exocrine gland)
➤ Bahukosira granthi (multicellular gland)
Sanyojani utaka (connective tissue)
➤ Kosika (cells)
➤ Resident cell population
Tantu (fibre)
Tarunasthi (cartilage)
Asthi (bone)
➤ Tantrikiya utaka (nervous tissue)
Tantrika (nerve fibre)
➤ Tantrika koshika (nerve cell)
➤ Shwet tantrika sutra (medullated nerve fibre)
➤ Sushumna(spinal cord)
Laghu mastishka or dhammilak (cerebellum)
Brihat mastishka / paramastishka (cerebrum) o Dhamani sira shaarira (vascular system)
o Twacha (skin and appendages)
o Lasika pratyanga (lymphatic organs) Mahasrotus (gastrointestinal system) respiratory system) Vatavaha srotus ( o Mutravaha srotus (urinary system) Shukravaha srotus (male reproductive system)
Artava vaha srotus (female reproductive system)